Sauté the shallots. Heat the avocado oil in a large Dutch oven or heavy-bottomed pot over medium-high heat. Add the chopped shallots and cook for 5–7 minutes, stirring occasionally, until softened and translucent.
Add the aromatics. Stir in the minced garlic, grated ginger, and Thai red curry paste. Cook for about 2 minutes, stirring frequently, until everything smells fragrant.
Add the coconut milk. Gradually pour in the coconut milk while stirring so the curry paste blends smoothly into the sauce.
Add pumpkin and tofu. Stir in the cubed pumpkin, tofu, lime zest, coconut sugar, salt, and makrut lime leaf if using.
Simmer. Bring the One Pot Pumpkin Curry to a gentle simmer. Cover and cook for 10–15 minutes, or until the pumpkin is fork-tender. Stir occasionally and avoid overcooking so the pumpkin retains some texture.
Finish with lime. Remove the pot from the heat. Discard the lime leaf and stir in the fresh lime juice. Taste and adjust the salt, lime juice, or curry paste as desired.
Serve. Spoon into bowls or serve over warm jasmine or basmati rice. Garnish with cilantro, pumpkin seeds, and chili flakes if desired.