Preheat oven to 350°F (177°C). Grease three 8-inch round pans, line with parchment, then grease parchment.
Beat butter on high speed until creamy. Add granulated and brown sugars and beat until fluffy.
Add oil and beat until light. Add eggs and vanilla, mixing until fully combined.
In a separate bowl, whisk flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.
Add dry ingredients to wet ingredients. Mix on low, then add buttermilk, lemon zest, and lemon juice just until combined.
Toss blueberries with flour and gently fold into the batter.
Divide batter evenly among pans and bake for 22–26 minutes, until a toothpick comes out clean. Cool completely.
For the frosting, beat cream cheese and butter until smooth. Add sugar, cream, vanilla, and salt. Beat on high until fluffy.
Assemble the Lemon Blueberry Layer Cake by frosting between layers, then lightly frost the top and sides. Chill 45 minutes before slicing