Place a pizza stone in the oven, if using, and preheat the oven to 500°F (260°C). If you don’t have a pizza stone, prepare a baking sheet instead.
Allow the pizza dough to come completely to room temperature. Divide it into two equal portions to make two smaller pizzas.
Place one portion of dough on a lightly floured work surface. Gently press it outward with your fingertips, then carefully stretch it into a 10- to 12-inch circle. Avoid pulling too aggressively so the dough doesn’t tear.
Lightly dust a pizza peel with flour and transfer the shaped dough onto it. You can also use the back of a rimmed baking sheet or a rimless baking sheet.
Divide all the toppings evenly between the two pizzas. Brush the dough with olive oil, leaving a small border around the edge. Sprinkle the minced garlic over the surface.
Add an even layer of shredded mozzarella, followed by the quartered artichoke hearts and fresh lemon zest.
Carefully transfer the Lemon Artichoke Arugula Pizza to the preheated pizza stone. Bake for 12–14 minutes, or until the crust is crisp and golden and the mozzarella is bubbling.
Remove the pizza from the oven and immediately top it with fresh baby arugula and grated Parmesan.
Finish with a squeeze of fresh lemon juice, crushed red pepper flakes, and sea salt. Add fresh basil if desired.
Repeat with the second pizza. Slice and serve while warm.