Preheat your oven to 425°F (220°C).
Peel, pit, and slice the peaches into thin wedges.
In a large bowl, combine the peaches, granulated sugar, brown sugar, cinnamon, nutmeg, lemon juice, and cornstarch.
Toss until the peaches are evenly coated.
Transfer the mixture to a 2-quart baking dish.
Bake for 10 minutes to soften the peaches and release their juices.
Meanwhile, whisk together the flour, granulated sugar, brown sugar, baking powder, and salt.
Add the chilled butter and cut it into the flour mixture using a pastry cutter or your fingertips until coarse crumbs form.
Stir in the boiling water just until a soft dough comes together.
Remove the peaches from the oven.
Drop spoonfuls of the topping evenly over the hot peach filling.
Mix the remaining sugar and cinnamon together.
Sprinkle the cinnamon sugar over the topping.
Return the baking dish to the oven.
Bake for 30–35 minutes, or until the topping is golden brown and the filling is bubbling.
Allow the Fresh Southern Peach Cobbler to cool for about 10 minutes before serving.